Table 2c. Interferons: Selected Clinical Data
Last Updated: December 16, 2021
The clinical trials described in this table do not represent all the trials that the Panel reviewed while developing the recommendations for interferons. The studies summarized below are the randomized controlled trials that have had the greatest impact on the Panel’s recommendations.
Methods | Results | Limitations and Interpretation |
---|---|---|
ACTT-3: Multinational, Double-Blind RCT of Interferon Beta-1a and Remdesivir in Hospitalized Adults With COVID-191 | ||
Key Inclusion Criteria:
Key Exclusion Criteria:
Interventions:
Primary Endpoint:
Key Secondary Endpoints:
| Participant Characteristics:
Primary Outcome:
Secondary Outcomes:
| Key Limitation:
Interpretation:
|
WHO Solidarity Trial: Multinational, Open-Label, Adaptive RCT of IV or SQ Interferon Beta-1a or Other Repurposed Drugs in Hospitalized Adults With COVID-192 | ||
Key Inclusion Criteria:
Interventions:
Primary Endpoint:
Key Secondary Endpoint:
| Participant Characteristics:
Primary Outcomes:
Secondary Outcome:
| Key Limitations:
Interpretation:
|
DisCoVeRy Solidarity Trial Add-On: Open-Label, Adaptive RCT of SQ Interferon Beta-1a Plus Lopinavir/Ritonavir, Lopinavir/Ritonavir, or Hydroxychloroquine in Hospitalized Adults With COVID-19 in France3 | ||
Key Inclusion Criteria:
Interventions:
Primary Endpoint:
Key Secondary Endpoints:
| Participant Characteristics:
Primary Outcome:
Secondary Outcomes:
| Key Limitations:
Interpretation:
|
Single-Blind RCT of Peginterferon Lambda-1a for Treatment of Outpatients With Uncomplicated COVID-19 in the United States4 | ||
Key Inclusion Criteria:
Key Exclusion criteria:
Interventions:
Primary Endpoint:
Key Secondary Endpoints:
| Participant Characteristics:
Primary Outcome:
Secondary Outcomes:
Other Outcomes:
| Key Limitation:
Interpretation:
|
Double-Blind RCT of Peginterferon Lambda in Outpatients With Laboratory-Confirmed COVID-19 in Canada5 | ||
Key Inclusion Criteria:
Key Exclusion Criterion:
Interventions:
Primary Endpoint:
Key Secondary Endpoints:
| Participant Characteristics:
Primary Outcome:
Secondary Outcomes:
Other Outcomes:
| Key Limitation:
Interpretation:
|
Key: AE = adverse event; ALT = alanine transaminase; AST = aspartate aminotransferase; DM = diabetes mellitus; ECMO = extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; HCQ = hydroxychloroquine; HTN = hypertension; IFN = interferon; IV = intravenous; LPV/RTV = lopinavir/ritonavir; MV = mechanical ventilation; NIV = noninvasive ventilation; OS = ordinal scale; the Panel = the COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines Panel; PCR = polymerase chain reaction; PEG-IFN = pegylated interferon; RCT = randomized controlled trial; RDV = remdesivir; RT-PCR = reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction; SOC = standard of care; SpO2 = oxygen saturation; SQ = subcutaneous; ULN = upper limit of normal; VL = viral load |
References
- Kalil AC, Mehta AK, Patterson TF, et al. Efficacy of interferon beta-1a plus remdesivir compared with remdesivir alone in hospitalised adults with COVID-19: a double-bind, randomised, placebo-controlled, Phase 3 trial. Lancet Respir Med. 2021;9(12):1365-1376. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34672949.
- WHO Solidarity Trial Consortium, Pan H, Peto R, et al. Repurposed antiviral drugs for COVID-19—interim WHO Solidarity Trial results. N Engl J Med. 2021;384(6):497-511. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33264556.
- Ader F, Peiffer-Smadja N, Poissy J, et al. An open-label randomized controlled trial of the effect of lopinavir/ritonavir, lopinavir/ritonavir plus IFN-beta-1a and hydroxychloroquine in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2021;27(12):1826-1837. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34048876.
- Jagannathan P, Andrews JR, Bonilla H, et al. Peginterferon lambda-1a for treatment of outpatients with uncomplicated COVID-19: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Nat Commun. 2021;12(1):1967. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33785743.
- Feld JJ, Kandel C, Biondi MJ, et al. Peginterferon lambda for the treatment of outpatients with COVID-19: a Phase 2, placebo-controlled randomised trial. Lancet Respir Med. 2021;9(5):498-510. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33556319.